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<meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="hf:doc:metadata" content="{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;JAX / Flax에서의 🧨 Stable Diffusion!&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;jax--flax에서의--stable-diffusion&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Setup&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;setup&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;모델 불러오기&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;모델-불러오기&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;추론&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;추론&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;복사(Replication) 및 정렬화&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;복사replication-및-정렬화&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;시각화&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;시각화&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3}],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;다른 프롬프트 사용&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;다른-프롬프트-사용&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;병렬화(parallelization)는 어떻게 작동하는가?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;병렬화parallelization는-어떻게-작동하는가&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2}],&quot;depth&quot;:1}">
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 <link rel="modulepreload" href="/docs/diffusers/main/ko/_app/immutable/chunks/EditOnGithub.b1bceb47.js"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_START --><meta name="hf:doc:metadata" content="{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;JAX / Flax에서의 🧨 Stable Diffusion!&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;jax--flax에서의--stable-diffusion&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Setup&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;setup&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;모델 불러오기&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;모델-불러오기&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;추론&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;추론&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;복사(Replication) 및 정렬화&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;복사replication-및-정렬화&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;시각화&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;시각화&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:3}],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;다른 프롬프트 사용&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;다른-프롬프트-사용&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2},{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;병렬화(parallelization)는 어떻게 작동하는가?&quot;,&quot;local&quot;:&quot;병렬화parallelization는-어떻게-작동하는가&quot;,&quot;sections&quot;:[],&quot;depth&quot;:2}],&quot;depth&quot;:1}"><!-- HEAD_svelte-u9bgzb_END --> <p></p> <h1 class="relative group"><a id="jax--flax에서의--stable-diffusion" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#jax--flax에서의--stable-diffusion"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>JAX / Flax에서의 🧨 Stable Diffusion!</span></h1> <div class="flex space-x-1 absolute z-10 right-0 top-0"> <div class="relative colab-dropdown "> <button class=" " type="button"> <img alt="Open In Colab" class="!m-0" src="https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg"> </button> </div> <div class="relative colab-dropdown "> <button class=" " type="button"> <img alt="Open In Studio Lab" class="!m-0" src="https://studiolab.sagemaker.aws/studiolab.svg"> </button> </div></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1gxtaje">🤗 Hugging Face [Diffusers] (<a href="https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers</a>) 는 버전 0.5.1부터 Flax를 지원합니다! 이를 통해 Colab, Kaggle, Google Cloud Platform에서 사용할 수 있는 것처럼 Google TPU에서 초고속 추론이 가능합니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1bumom2">이 노트북은 JAX / Flax를 사용해 추론을 실행하는 방법을 보여줍니다. Stable Diffusion의 작동 방식에 대한 자세한 내용을 원하거나 GPU에서 실행하려면 이 [노트북] ](<a href="https://huggingface.co/docs/diffusers/stable_diffusion)%EC%9D%84" rel="nofollow">https://huggingface.co/docs/diffusers/stable_diffusion)을</a> 참조하세요.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-17mi6da">먼저, TPU 백엔드를 사용하고 있는지 확인합니다. Colab에서 이 노트북을 실행하는 경우, 메뉴에서 런타임을 선택한 다음 “런타임 유형 변경” 옵션을 선택한 다음 하드웨어 가속기 설정에서 TPU를 선택합니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-hjgegg">JAX는 TPU 전용은 아니지만 각 TPU 서버에는 8개의 TPU 가속기가 병렬로 작동하기 때문에 해당 하드웨어에서 더 빛을 발한다는 점은 알아두세요.</p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="setup" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#setup"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>Setup</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-17ncbx5">먼저 diffusers가 설치되어 있는지 확인합니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->!pip install jax==0.3.25 jaxlib==0.3.25 flax transformers ftfy
!pip install diffusers<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> jax.tools.colab_tpu
jax.tools.colab_tpu.setup_tpu()
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> jax<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->num_devices = jax.device_count()
device_type = jax.devices()[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>].device_kind
<span class="hljs-built_in">print</span>(<span class="hljs-string">f&quot;Found <span class="hljs-subst">{num_devices}</span> JAX devices of type <span class="hljs-subst">{device_type}</span>.&quot;</span>)
<span class="hljs-keyword">assert</span> (
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;TPU&quot;</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> device_type
), <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Available device is not a TPU, please select TPU from Edit &gt; Notebook settings &gt; Hardware accelerator&quot;</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->Found <span class="hljs-number">8</span> JAX devices of <span class="hljs-built_in">type</span> Cloud TPU.<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-95k7v6">그런 다음 모든 dependencies를 가져옵니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> numpy <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> np
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> jax
<span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> jax.numpy <span class="hljs-keyword">as</span> jnp
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> pathlib <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Path
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> jax <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> pmap
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> flax.jax_utils <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> replicate
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> flax.training.common_utils <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> shard
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> PIL <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Image
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> huggingface_hub <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> notebook_login
<span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> diffusers <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> FlaxStableDiffusionPipeline<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="모델-불러오기" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#모델-불러오기"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>모델 불러오기</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-71fx65">TPU 장치는 효율적인 half-float 유형인 bfloat16을 지원합니다. 테스트에는 이 유형을 사용하지만 대신 float32를 사용하여 전체 정밀도(full precision)를 사용할 수도 있습니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->dtype = jnp.bfloat16<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1uvv4fp">Flax는 함수형 프레임워크이므로 모델은 무상태(stateless)형이며 매개변수는 모델 외부에 저장됩니다. 사전학습된 Flax 파이프라인을 불러오면 파이프라인 자체와 모델 가중치(또는 매개변수)가 모두 반환됩니다. 저희는 bf16 버전의 가중치를 사용하고 있으므로 유형 경고가 표시되지만 무시해도 됩니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->pipeline, params = FlaxStableDiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;CompVis/stable-diffusion-v1-4&quot;</span>,
 variant=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;bf16&quot;</span>,
 dtype=dtype,
)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="추론" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#추론"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>추론</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-7wabl0">TPU에는 일반적으로 8개의 디바이스가 병렬로 작동하므로 보유한 디바이스 수만큼 프롬프트를 복제합니다. 그런 다음 각각 하나의 이미지 생성을 담당하는 8개의 디바이스에서 한 번에 추론을 수행합니다. 따라서 하나의 칩이 하나의 이미지를 생성하는 데 걸리는 시간과 동일한 시간에 8개의 이미지를 얻을 수 있습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-13u2ylm">프롬프트를 복제하고 나면 파이프라인의 <code>prepare_inputs</code> 함수를 호출하여 토큰화된 텍스트 ID를 얻습니다. 토큰화된 텍스트의 길이는 기본 CLIP 텍스트 모델의 구성에 따라 77토큰으로 설정됩니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->prompt = <span class="hljs-string">&quot;A cinematic film still of Morgan Freeman starring as Jimi Hendrix, portrait, 40mm lens, shallow depth of field, close up, split lighting, cinematic&quot;</span>
prompt = [prompt] * jax.device_count()
prompt_ids = pipeline.prepare_inputs(prompt)
prompt_ids.shape<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->(<span class="hljs-number">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number">77</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="복사replication-및-정렬화" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#복사replication-및-정렬화"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>복사(Replication) 및 정렬화</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-qzdgm1">모델 매개변수와 입력값은 우리가 보유한 8개의 병렬 장치에 복사(Replication)되어야 합니다. 매개변수 딕셔너리는 <code>flax.jax_utils.replicate</code>(딕셔너리를 순회하며 가중치의 모양을 변경하여 8번 반복하는 함수)를 사용하여 복사됩니다. 배열은 <code>shard</code>를 사용하여 복제됩니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->p_params = replicate(params)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->prompt_ids = shard(prompt_ids)
prompt_ids.shape<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->(<span class="hljs-number">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">77</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-i4vbvw">이 shape은 8개의 디바이스 각각이 shape <code>(1, 77)</code>의 jnp 배열을 입력값으로 받는다는 의미입니다. 즉 1은 디바이스당 batch(배치) 크기입니다. 메모리가 충분한 TPU에서는 한 번에 여러 이미지(칩당)를 생성하려는 경우 1보다 클 수 있습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ghn5le">이미지를 생성할 준비가 거의 완료되었습니다! 이제 생성 함수에 전달할 난수 생성기만 만들면 됩니다. 이것은 난수를 다루는 모든 함수에 난수 생성기가 있어야 한다는, 난수에 대해 매우 진지하고 독단적인 Flax의 표준 절차입니다. 이렇게 하면 여러 분산된 기기에서 훈련할 때에도 재현성이 보장됩니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1lcan7m">아래 헬퍼 함수는 시드를 사용하여 난수 생성기를 초기화합니다. 동일한 시드를 사용하는 한 정확히 동일한 결과를 얻을 수 있습니다. 나중에 노트북에서 결과를 탐색할 때엔 다른 시드를 자유롭게 사용하세요.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">create_key</span>(<span class="hljs-params">seed=<span class="hljs-number">0</span></span>):
 <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> jax.random.PRNGKey(seed)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ngdgb0">rng를 얻은 다음 8번 ‘분할’하여 각 디바이스가 다른 제너레이터를 수신하도록 합니다. 따라서 각 디바이스마다 다른 이미지가 생성되며 전체 프로세스를 재현할 수 있습니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->rng = create_key(<span class="hljs-number">0</span>)
rng = jax.random.split(rng, jax.device_count())<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-103e30a">JAX 코드는 매우 빠르게 실행되는 효율적인 표현으로 컴파일할 수 있습니다. 하지만 후속 호출에서 모든 입력이 동일한 모양을 갖도록 해야 하며, 그렇지 않으면 JAX가 코드를 다시 컴파일해야 하므로 최적화된 속도를 활용할 수 없습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1sbamam"><code>jit = True</code>를 인수로 전달하면 Flax 파이프라인이 코드를 컴파일할 수 있습니다. 또한 모델이 사용 가능한 8개의 디바이스에서 병렬로 실행되도록 보장합니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-15bwfw">다음 셀을 처음 실행하면 컴파일하는 데 시간이 오래 걸리지만 이후 호출(입력이 다른 경우에도)은 훨씬 빨라집니다. 예를 들어, 테스트했을 때 TPU v2-8에서 컴파일하는 데 1분 이상 걸리지만 이후 추론 실행에는 약 7초가 걸립니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->%%time
images = pipeline(prompt_ids, p_params, rng, <span class="hljs-attribute">jit</span>=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>)[0]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->CPU times: user <span class="hljs-number">56.2</span> s, sys: <span class="hljs-number">42.5</span> s, total: 1<span class="hljs-built_in">min</span> 38s
Wall time: 1<span class="hljs-built_in">min</span> 29s<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1egnab9">반환된 배열의 shape은 <code>(8, 1, 512, 512, 3)</code>입니다. 이를 재구성하여 두 번째 차원을 제거하고 512 × 512 × 3의 이미지 8개를 얻은 다음 PIL로 변환합니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->images = images.reshape((images.shape[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] * images.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>],) + images.shape[-<span class="hljs-number">3</span>:])
images = pipeline.numpy_to_pil(images)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <h3 class="relative group"><a id="시각화" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#시각화"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>시각화</span></h3> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1e76x5r">이미지를 그리드에 표시하는 도우미 함수를 만들어 보겠습니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">def</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">image_grid</span>(<span class="hljs-params">imgs, rows, cols</span>):
 w, h = imgs[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>].size
 grid = Image.new(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;RGB&quot;</span>, size=(cols * w, rows * h))
 <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> i, img <span class="hljs-keyword">in</span> <span class="hljs-built_in">enumerate</span>(imgs):
 grid.paste(img, box=(i % cols * w, i // cols * h))
 <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> grid<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->image_grid(images, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-e1s2k"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/YiYiXu/test-doc-assets/resolve/main/stable_diffusion_jax_how_to_cell_38_output_0.jpeg" alt="img"></p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="다른-프롬프트-사용" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#다른-프롬프트-사용"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>다른 프롬프트 사용</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1buolzv">모든 디바이스에서 동일한 프롬프트를 복제할 필요는 없습니다. 프롬프트 2개를 각각 4번씩 생성하거나 한 번에 8개의 서로 다른 프롬프트를 생성하는 등 원하는 것은 무엇이든 할 수 있습니다. 한번 해보세요!</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1fscvnd">먼저 입력 준비 코드를 편리한 함수로 리팩터링하겠습니다:</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->prompts = [
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Labrador in the style of Hokusai&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Painting of a squirrel skating in New York&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;HAL-9000 in the style of Van Gogh&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Times Square under water, with fish and a dolphin swimming around&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Ancient Roman fresco showing a man working on his laptop&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Close-up photograph of young black woman against urban background, high quality, bokeh&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Armchair in the shape of an avocado&quot;</span>,
 <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Clown astronaut in space, with Earth in the background&quot;</span>,
]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->prompt_ids = pipeline.prepare_inputs(prompts)
prompt_ids = shard(prompt_ids)
images = pipeline(prompt_ids, p_params, rng, jit=<span class="hljs-literal">True</span>).images
images = images.reshape((images.shape[<span class="hljs-number">0</span>] * images.shape[<span class="hljs-number">1</span>],) + images.shape[-<span class="hljs-number">3</span>:])
images = pipeline.numpy_to_pil(images)
image_grid(images, <span class="hljs-number">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number">4</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1nea4f2"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/YiYiXu/test-doc-assets/resolve/main/stable_diffusion_jax_how_to_cell_43_output_0.jpeg" alt="img"></p> <h2 class="relative group"><a id="병렬화parallelization는-어떻게-작동하는가" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#병렬화parallelization는-어떻게-작동하는가"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a> <span>병렬화(parallelization)는 어떻게 작동하는가?</span></h2> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1780g9f">앞서 <code>diffusers</code> Flax 파이프라인이 모델을 자동으로 컴파일하고 사용 가능한 모든 기기에서 병렬로 실행한다고 말씀드렸습니다. 이제 그 프로세스를 간략하게 살펴보고 작동 방식을 보여드리겠습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-d62kvx">JAX 병렬화는 여러 가지 방법으로 수행할 수 있습니다. 가장 쉬운 방법은 jax.pmap 함수를 사용하여 단일 프로그램, 다중 데이터(SPMD) 병렬화를 달성하는 것입니다. 즉, 동일한 코드의 복사본을 각각 다른 데이터 입력에 대해 여러 개 실행하는 것입니다. 더 정교한 접근 방식도 가능하므로 관심이 있으시다면 <a href="https://jax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html" rel="nofollow">JAX 문서</a>와 <a href="https://jax.readthedocs.io/en/latest/jax-101/08-pjit.html?highlight=pjit" rel="nofollow"><code>pjit</code> 페이지</a>에서 이 주제를 살펴보시기 바랍니다!</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ykkmgr"><code>jax.pmap</code>은 두 가지 기능을 수행합니다:</p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-2aqcsn"><li><code>jax.jit()</code>를 호출한 것처럼 코드를 컴파일(또는 <code>jit</code>)합니다. 이 작업은 <code>pmap</code>을 호출할 때가 아니라 pmapped 함수가 처음 호출될 때 수행됩니다.</li> <li>컴파일된 코드가 사용 가능한 모든 기기에서 병렬로 실행되도록 합니다.</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-mu1la1">작동 방식을 보여드리기 위해 이미지 생성을 실행하는 비공개 메서드인 파이프라인의 <code>_generate</code> 메서드를 <code>pmap</code>합니다. 이 메서드는 향후 <code>Diffusers</code> 릴리스에서 이름이 변경되거나 제거될 수 있다는 점에 유의하세요.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->p_generate = pmap(pipeline._generate)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-52cpde"><code>pmap</code>을 사용한 후 준비된 함수 <code>p_generate</code>는 개념적으로 다음을 수행합니다:</p> <ul data-svelte-h="svelte-11847k7"><li>각 장치에서 기본 함수 <code>pipeline._generate</code>의 복사본을 호출합니다.</li> <li>각 장치에 입력 인수의 다른 부분을 보냅니다. 이것이 바로 샤딩이 사용되는 이유입니다. 이 경우 <code>prompt_ids</code>의 shape은 <code>(8, 1, 77, 768)</code>입니다. 이 배열은 8개로 분할되고 <code>_generate</code>의 각 복사본은 <code>(1, 77, 768)</code>의 shape을 가진 입력을 받게 됩니다.</li></ul> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1x822d1">병렬로 호출된다는 사실을 완전히 무시하고 <code>_generate</code>를 코딩할 수 있습니다. batch(배치) 크기(이 예제에서는 <code>1</code>)와 코드에 적합한 차원만 신경 쓰면 되며, 병렬로 작동하기 위해 아무것도 변경할 필요가 없습니다.</p> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1ukvcj9">파이프라인 호출을 사용할 때와 마찬가지로, 다음 셀을 처음 실행할 때는 시간이 걸리지만 그 이후에는 훨씬 빨라집니다.</p> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->%%time
images = p<span class="hljs-constructor">_generate(<span class="hljs-params">prompt_ids</span>, <span class="hljs-params">p_params</span>, <span class="hljs-params">rng</span>)</span>
images = images.block<span class="hljs-constructor">_until_ready()</span>
images.shape<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->CPU times: user 1<span class="hljs-built_in">min</span> 15s, sys: <span class="hljs-number">18.2</span> s, total: 1<span class="hljs-built_in">min</span> 34s
Wall time: 1<span class="hljs-built_in">min</span> 15s<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->images.shape<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5 text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg> <div class="absolute pointer-events-none transition-opacity bg-black text-white py-1 px-2 leading-tight rounded font-normal shadow left-1/2 top-full transform -translate-x-1/2 translate-y-2 opacity-0"><div class="absolute bottom-full left-1/2 transform -translate-x-1/2 w-0 h-0 border-black border-4 border-t-0" style="border-left-color: transparent; border-right-color: transparent; "></div> Copied</div></button></div> <pre class=""><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->(<span class="hljs-number">8</span>, <span class="hljs-number">1</span>, <span class="hljs-number">512</span>, <span class="hljs-number">512</span>, <span class="hljs-number">3</span>)<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div> <p data-svelte-h="svelte-1s6my01">JAX는 비동기 디스패치를 사용하고 가능한 한 빨리 제어권을 Python 루프에 반환하기 때문에 추론 시간을 정확하게 측정하기 위해 <code>block_until_ready()</code>를 사용합니다. 아직 구체화되지 않은 계산 결과를 사용하려는 경우 자동으로 차단이 수행되므로 코드에서 이 함수를 사용할 필요가 없습니다.</p> <a class="!text-gray-400 !no-underline text-sm flex items-center not-prose mt-4" href="https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers/blob/main/docs/source/ko/using-diffusers/stable_diffusion_jax_how_to.md" target="_blank"><span data-svelte-h="svelte-1kd6by1">&lt;</span> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-x0xyl0">&gt;</span> <span data-svelte-h="svelte-1dajgef"><span class="underline ml-1.5">Update</span> on GitHub</span></a> <p></p>
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