Datasets:

jspaulsen
/

wikipedia-utterances

title stringlengths 1 181	text stringlengths 10 4.72k
Anarchism	Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including nation-states, and capitalism.
Anarchism	Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state with stateless societies and voluntary free associations.
Anarchism	As a historically left-wing movement, this reading of anarchism is placed on the farthest left of the political spectrum, usually described as the libertarian wing of the socialist movement .
Anarchism	Humans have lived in societies without formal hierarchies long before the establishment of states, realms, or empires.
Anarchism	With the rise of organised hierarchical bodies, scepticism toward authority also rose.
Anarchism	Although traces of anarchist ideas are found all throughout history, modern anarchism emerged from the Enlightenment.
Anarchism	During the latter half of the 19th and the first decades of the 20th century, the anarchist movement flourished in most parts of the world and had a significant role in workers' struggles for emancipation.
Anarchism	Various anarchist schools of thought formed during this period.
Anarchism	Anarchists have taken part in several revolutions, most notably in the Paris Commune, the Russian Civil War and the Spanish Civil War, whose end marked the end of the classical era of anarchism.
Anarchism	In the last decades of the 20th and into the 21st century, the anarchist movement has been resurgent once more, growing in popularity and influence within anti-capitalist, anti-war and anti-globalisation movements.
Anarchism	Anarchists employ diverse approaches, which may be generally divided into revolutionary and evolutionary strategies; there is significant overlap between the two.
Anarchism	Evolutionary methods try to simulate what an anarchist society might be like, but revolutionary tactics, which have historically taken a violent turn, aim to overthrow authority and the state.
Anarchism	Many facets of human civilization have been influenced by anarchist theory, critique, and praxis.
Anarchism	The etymological origin of anarchism is from the Ancient Greek anarkhia, meaning "without a ruler", composed of the prefix an- and the word arkhos .
Anarchism	The suffix -ism denotes the ideological current that favours anarchy.
Anarchism	Anarchism appears in English from 1642 as anarchisme and anarchy from 1539; early English usages emphasised a sense of disorder.
Anarchism	Various factions within the French Revolution labelled their opponents as anarchists, although few such accused shared many views with later anarchists.
Anarchism	Many revolutionaries of the 19th century such as William Godwin and Wilhelm Weitling would contribute to the anarchist doctrines of the next generation but did not use anarchist or anarchism in describing themselves or their beliefs.
Anarchism	The first political philosopher to call himself an anarchist was Pierre-Joseph Proudhon , marking the formal birth of anarchism in the mid-19th century.
Anarchism	Since the 1890s and beginning in France, libertarianism has often been used as a synonym for anarchism and its use as a synonym is still common outside the United States.
Anarchism	Some usages of libertarianism refer to individualistic free-market philosophy only, and free-market anarchism in particular is termed libertarian anarchism.
Anarchism	While the term libertarian has been largely synonymous with anarchism, its meaning has more recently been diluted by wider adoption from ideologically disparate groups, including both the New Left and libertarian Marxists, who do not associate themselves with authoritarian socialists or a vanguard party, and extreme cultural liberals, who are primarily concerned with civil liberties.
Anarchism	Additionally, some anarchists use libertarian socialist to avoid anarchism's negative connotations and emphasise its connections with socialism.
Anarchism	Anarchism is broadly used to describe the anti-authoritarian wing of the socialist movement.
Anarchism	Anarchism is contrasted to socialist forms which are state-oriented or from above.
Anarchism	Scholars of anarchism generally highlight anarchism's socialist credentials and criticise attempts at creating dichotomies between the two.
Anarchism	Some scholars describe anarchism as having many influences from liberalism, and being both liberal and socialist but more so.
Anarchism	Many scholars reject anarcho-capitalism as a misunderstanding of anarchist principles.
Anarchism	While opposition to the state is central to anarchist thought, defining anarchism is not an easy task for scholars, as there is a lot of discussion among scholars and anarchists on the matter, and various currents perceive anarchism slightly differently.
Anarchism	Major definitional elements include the will for a non-coercive society, the rejection of the state apparatus, the belief that human nature allows humans to exist in or progress toward such a non-coercive society, and a suggestion on how to act to pursue the ideal of anarchy.
Anarchism	Before the creation of towns and cities, established authority did not exist.
Anarchism	It was after the institution of authority that anarchistic ideas were espoused as a reaction.
Anarchism	The most notable precursors to anarchism in the ancient world were in China and Greece.
Anarchism	In China, philosophical anarchism was delineated by Taoist philosophers Zhuang Zhou and Laozi.
Anarchism	Alongside Stoicism, Taoism has been said to have had "significant anticipations" of anarchism.
Anarchism	Anarchic attitudes were also articulated by tragedians and philosophers in Greece.
Anarchism	Aeschylus and Sophocles used the myth of Antigone to illustrate the conflict between laws imposed by the state and personal autonomy.
Anarchism	Socrates questioned Athenian authorities constantly and insisted on the right of individual freedom of conscience.
Anarchism	Cynics dismissed human law and associated authorities while trying to live according to nature .
Anarchism	Stoics were supportive of a society based on unofficial and friendly relations among its citizens without the presence of a state.
Anarchism	In medieval Europe, there was no anarchistic activity except some ascetic religious movements.
Anarchism	These, and other Muslim movements, later gave birth to religious anarchism.
Anarchism	In the Sasanian Empire, Mazdak called for an egalitarian society and the abolition of monarchy, only to be soon executed by Emperor Kavad I.
Anarchism	In Basra, religious sects preached against the state.
Anarchism	In Europe, various sects developed anti-state and libertarian tendencies.
Anarchism	Renewed interest in antiquity during the Renaissance and in private judgment during the Reformation restored elements of anti-authoritarian secularism, particularly in France.
Anarchism	Enlightenment challenges to intellectual authority and the revolutions of the 1790s and 1848 all spurred the ideological development of what became the era of classical anarchism.
Anarchism	During the French Revolution, partisan groups such as the Enragés and the saw a turning point in the fermentation of anti-state and federalist sentiments.
Anarchism	The first anarchist currents developed throughout the 18th century as William Godwin espoused philosophical anarchism in England, morally delegitimising the state, Max Stirner's thinking paved the way to individualism and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's theory of mutualism found fertile soil in France.
Anarchism	By the late 1870s, various anarchist schools of thought had become well-defined and a wave of then unprecedented globalisation occurred from 1880 to 1914.
Anarchism	This era of classical anarchism lasted until the end of the Spanish Civil War and is considered the golden age of anarchism.
Anarchism	Drawing from mutualism, Mikhail Bakunin founded collectivist anarchism and entered the International Workingmen's Association, a class worker union later known as the First International that formed in 1864 to unite diverse revolutionary currents.
Anarchism	The International became a significant political force, with Karl Marx being a leading figure and a member of its General Council.
Anarchism	Bakunin's faction and Proudhon's followers opposed state socialism, advocating political abstentionism and small property holdings.
Anarchism	After bitter disputes, the Bakuninists were expelled from the International by the Marxists at the 1872 Hague Congress.
Anarchism	Anarchists were treated similarly in the Second International, being ultimately expelled in 1896.
Anarchism	Bakunin famously predicted that if revolutionaries gained power by Marx's terms, they would end up the new tyrants of workers.
Anarchism	In response to their expulsion from the First International, anarchists formed the St. Imier International.
Anarchism	Under the influence of Peter Kropotkin, a Russian philosopher and scientist, anarcho-communism overlapped with collectivism.
Anarchism	Anarcho-communists, who drew inspiration from the 1871 Paris Commune, advocated for free federation and for the distribution of goods according to one's needs.
Anarchism	By the turn of the 20th century, anarchism had spread all over the world.
Anarchism	It was a notable feature of the international syndicalist movement.
Anarchism	In China, small groups of students imported the humanistic pro-science version of anarcho-communism.
Anarchism	Tokyo was a hotspot for rebellious youth from East Asian countries, who moved to the Japanese capital to study.
Anarchism	In Latin America, Argentina was a stronghold for anarcho-syndicalism, where it became the most prominent left-wing ideology.
Anarchism	During this time, a minority of anarchists adopted tactics of revolutionary political violence, known as propaganda of the deed.
Anarchism	The dismemberment of the French socialist movement into many groups and the execution and exile of many Communards to penal colonies following the suppression of the Paris Commune favoured individualist political expression and acts.
Anarchism	Even though many anarchists distanced themselves from these terrorist acts, infamy came upon the movement and attempts were made to prevent anarchists immigrating to the US, including the Immigration Act of 1903, also called the Anarchist Exclusion Act.
Anarchism	Illegalism was another strategy which some anarchists adopted during this period.
Anarchism	Despite concerns, anarchists enthusiastically participated in the Russian Revolution in opposition to the White movement, especially in the Makhnovshchina; however, they met harsh suppression after the Bolshevik government had stabilised, including during the Kronstadt rebellion.
Anarchism	Several anarchists from Petrograd and Moscow fled to Ukraine, before the Bolsheviks crushed the anarchist movement there too.
Anarchism	With the anarchists being repressed in Russia, two new antithetical currents emerged, namely platformism and synthesis anarchism.
Anarchism	The former sought to create a coherent group that would push for revolution while the latter were against anything that would resemble a political party.
Anarchism	Seeing the victories of the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution and the resulting Russian Civil War, many workers and activists turned to communist parties which grew at the expense of anarchism and other socialist movements.
Anarchism	In France and the United States, members of major syndicalist movements such as the General Confederation of Labour and the Industrial Workers of the World left their organisations and joined the Communist International.
Anarchism	In the Spanish Civil War of 1936–39, anarchists and syndicalists once again allied themselves with various currents of leftists.
Anarchism	A long tradition of Spanish anarchism led to anarchists playing a pivotal role in the war, and particularly in the Spanish Revolution of 1936.
Anarchism	In response to the army rebellion, an anarchist-inspired movement of peasants and workers, supported by armed militias, took control of Barcelona and of large areas of rural Spain, where they collectivised the land.
Anarchism	The Soviet Union provided some limited assistance at the beginning of the war, but the result was a bitter fight between communists and other leftists in a series of events known as the May Days, as Joseph Stalin asserted Soviet control of the Republican government, ending in another defeat of anarchists at the hands of the communists.
Anarchism	By the end of World War II, the anarchist movement had been severely weakened.
Anarchism	The 1960s witnessed a revival of anarchism, likely caused by a perceived failure of Marxism–Leninism and tensions built by the Cold War.
Anarchism	During this time, anarchism found a presence in other movements critical towards both capitalism and the state such as the anti-nuclear, environmental, and peace movements, the counterculture of the 1960s, and the New Left.
Anarchism	It also saw a transition from its previous revolutionary nature to provocative anti-capitalist reformism.
Anarchism	Anarchism became associated with punk subculture as exemplified by bands such as Crass and the Sex Pistols.
Anarchism	The established feminist tendencies of anarcha-feminism returned with vigour during the second wave of feminism.
Anarchism	Black anarchism began to take form at this time and influenced anarchism's move from a Eurocentric demographic.
Anarchism	This coincided with its failure to gain traction in Northern Europe and its unprecedented height in Latin America.
Anarchism	Around the turn of the 21st century, anarchism grew in popularity and influence within anti-capitalist, anti-war and anti-globalisation movements.
Anarchism	Anarchists became known for their involvement in protests against the World Trade Organization , the Group of Eight and the World Economic Forum.
Anarchism	During the protests, ad hoc leaderless anonymous cadres known as black blocs engaged in rioting, property destruction and violent confrontations with the police.
Anarchism	Other organisational tactics pioneered at this time include affinity groups, security culture and the use of decentralised technologies such as the Internet.
Anarchism	A significant event of this period was the confrontations at the 1999 Seattle WTO conference.
Anarchism	Anarchist ideas have been influential in the development of the Zapatistas in Mexico and the Democratic Federation of Northern Syria, more commonly known as Rojava, a de facto autonomous region in northern Syria.
Anarchism	While having revolutionary aspirations, many forms of anarchism are not confrontational nowadays.
Anarchism	Instead, they are trying to build an alternative way of social organization, based on mutual interdependence and voluntary cooperation.
Anarchism	Scholar Carissa Honeywell takes the example of Food not Bombs group of collectives, to highlight some features of how anarchist groups work: direct action, working together and in solidarity with those left behind.
Anarchism	While doing so, they inform about the rising rates of world hunger suggest a policy to tackle hunger, ranging from de-funding the arms industry to addressing Monsanto seed-saving policies and patents, helping farmers and commodification of food and housing.
Anarchism	Honeywell also emphasizes that contemporary anarchists are interested in the flourishing not only of humans, but non-humans and the environment as well.
Anarchism	Honeywell argues that escalation of problems such as continuous wars and world poverty show that the current framework not only cannot solve those pressing problems for humanity, but are causal factors as well, resulting in the rejection of representative democracy and the state as a whole.
Anarchism	Anarchist schools of thought have been generally grouped into two main historical traditions, social anarchism and individualist anarchism, owing to their different origins, values and evolution.

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Wikipedia Utterances

Text segments extracted from English Wikipedia, segmented into utterance-length chunks suitable for text-to-speech synthesis.

Dataset Description

This dataset contains ~41M text utterances derived from the wikimedia/wikipedia dataset (20231101.en snapshot). Each row contains:

Field	Type	Description
`title`	string	The Wikipedia article title
`text`	string	A text segment (10-4,880 characters)
`duration`	float	Estimated speech duration in seconds (at 150 WPM)

Processing

The transformation pipeline:

Tokenizes Wikipedia articles into paragraphs and sentences using NLTK
Combines consecutive sentences targeting 15-30 second utterances
Strips bracketed content (parentheses, braces, square brackets)
Filters for valid utterances ending in sentence-final punctuation

See transform_wikipedia.py in this repository for the full implementation.

Usage

from datasets import load_dataset

dataset = load_dataset("jspaulsen/wikipedia-utterances", split="train")

License

This dataset is released under CC BY-SA 4.0, consistent with the original Wikipedia content license.

Citation

If you use this dataset, please cite the original Wikimedia source:

@ONLINE{wikidump,
    author = "Wikimedia Foundation",
    title  = "Wikimedia Downloads",
    url    = "https://dumps.wikimedia.org"
}

Downloads last month: 95

Size of downloaded dataset files:

9.05 GB

Size of the auto-converted Parquet files:

9.05 GB

Number of rows:

121,082,466