Economies of Open Intelligence: Tracing Power & Participation in the Model Ecosystem
Paper • 2512.03073 • Published • 7
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YAML Metadata Warning:The task_categories "OTHER" is not in the official list: text-classification, token-classification, table-question-answering, question-answering, zero-shot-classification, translation, summarization, feature-extraction, text-generation, fill-mask, sentence-similarity, text-to-speech, text-to-audio, automatic-speech-recognition, audio-to-audio, audio-classification, audio-text-to-text, voice-activity-detection, depth-estimation, image-classification, object-detection, image-segmentation, text-to-image, image-to-text, image-to-image, image-to-video, unconditional-image-generation, video-classification, reinforcement-learning, robotics, tabular-classification, tabular-regression, tabular-to-text, table-to-text, multiple-choice, text-ranking, text-retrieval, time-series-forecasting, text-to-video, image-text-to-text, image-text-to-image, image-text-to-video, visual-question-answering, document-question-answering, zero-shot-image-classification, graph-ml, mask-generation, zero-shot-object-detection, text-to-3d, image-to-3d, image-feature-extraction, video-text-to-text, keypoint-detection, visual-document-retrieval, any-to-any, video-to-video, other
Economies of Open Intelligence: Tracing Power & Participation in the Model Ecosystem
This dataset, released in conjunction with the paper Economies of Open Intelligence: Tracing Power & Participation in the Model Ecosystem, provides a rigorous examination of concentration dynamics and evolving characteristics in the open model economy.
It compiles a history of weekly model downloads (February 2025-Present) alongside detailed model metadata from the Hugging Face Model Hub. The dataset encompasses 851,000 models, over 200 aggregated attributes per model, and 2.2 billion downloads. The data is compiled from these weekly snapshots and updated daily from this dataset. all_downloads_with_annotations.parquet contains all downloads and one_year_rolling.parquet counts only downloads up to one year from model creation.
Researchers can leverage this dataset to analyze:
- The fundamental rebalancing of economic power in open-weight AI.
- Statistically significant shifts in model properties, such as increases in average model size, growth in multimodal generation, quantization, and mixture-of-experts architectures.
- Trends in data transparency and the emergence of developer intermediaries.
The project also features an interactive dashboard for real-time monitoring of these dynamics.
Project Page: https://huggingface.co/spaces/economies-open-ai/open-model-evolution
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